乳品饮料知识

沉默的羔羊

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">1</span>）定义<span lang="EN-US">:</span>是以牛奶为主要原料加工而成。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">2</span>）分类<span lang="EN-US">a)</span>鲜牛奶<span lang="EN-US">(fresh milk):</span>巴氏消毒法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>即将牛奶加热至<span lang="EN-US">60-63</span>度维持<span lang="EN-US">30</span>分钟左右<span lang="EN-US">,</span>既能杀死全部致病菌<span lang="EN-US">,</span>又能保持牛奶的营养成份<span lang="EN-US">,</span>效果达<span lang="EN-US">99%(</span>光明纯牛奶<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">A</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、脱脂牛奶<span lang="EN-US">(skim milk):</span>除去脂肪的牛奶。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、强化牛奶<span lang="EN-US">(fortified milk):</span>加入各种脂溶性维生素营养成份<span lang="EN-US">.</span>如<span lang="EN-US">:</span>高钙奶<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">C</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、加味牛奶<span lang="EN-US">(flavored milk):</span>加了特殊风味的原味<span lang="EN-US">.</span>有巧克力奶<span lang="EN-US">,</span>果汁奶<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">b</span>）奶油<span lang="EN-US">(cream):</span>又称忌廉<span lang="EN-US">,</span>指牛奶中含脂肪较高的饮品<span lang="EN-US">.</span>如<span lang="EN-US">;</span>奶油球等。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">c</span>）发酵乳饮<span lang="EN-US">:a</span>、酸乳<span lang="EN-US">(sour cream):</span>用脂肪含量在<span lang="EN-US">18%</span>以上的乳品加入乳酸菌<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">b</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、酸奶<span lang="EN-US">(yogurt):</span>有较高营养价值和特殊风味的饮料<span lang="EN-US">,</span>钙质最易吸收<span lang="EN-US">,</span>有美容<span lang="EN-US">,</span>保健等功效<span lang="EN-US">.</span>如<span lang="EN-US">:</span>妙士酸奶<span lang="EN-US">,</span>液体状<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">C</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、奶粉<span lang="EN-US">:</span>将鲜奶蒸去水分制成干粉<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">d</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、冰淇淋<span lang="EN-US">(ice cream)</span>又叫雪糕<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以牛乳或其制品为主要原料<span lang="EN-US">,</span>加入糖、蛋品、香料及稳定剂混合配制的一种营养价值高的夏饮<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">3</span>）乳饮的服务<span lang="EN-US">:<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">A</span>）储存方法<span lang="EN-US">:A</span>、应冷藏在<span lang="EN-US">4</span>度的温度下<span lang="EN-US">,</span>常温易变质<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          </span>B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、易吸收异味<span lang="EN-US">,</span>冷藏时应包装严<span lang="EN-US">,</span>与其他食品隔离<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 102pt; TEXT-INDENT: -102pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: -8.5; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>C</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、冷藏时间不宜太长<span lang="EN-US">(</span>主要是新鲜牛奶<span lang="EN-US">)</span>具体还看说明<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">            </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>D</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、冰淇淋应冷藏在<span lang="EN-US">-18</span>度以下<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">（<span lang="EN-US">B</span>）服务操作：<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">【<span lang="EN-US">1</span>】热奶服务：<span lang="EN-US">A</span>、将奶加热至<span lang="EN-US">70</span>度左右，杯子需预热。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、加热牛奶不宜用铜器皿，铜会破坏牛奶中的维生素<span lang="EN-US">C</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>C</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、加热过程中不宜放糖，否则在高温下牛奶和糖会产生果糖基<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 132pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 11.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">赖氨酸，会破坏蛋白质。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 48pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 4.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>D</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、早餐的牛奶宜和面包、饼干同食、应避免同含草酸的食品混<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 132pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 11.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">吃。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">【<span lang="EN-US">2</span>】冰奶服务：<span lang="EN-US">A</span>、放在<span lang="EN-US">4</span>度以下冷藏。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、冷藏时应密封。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>C</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、倒入杯中八分满，带上吸管。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">【<span lang="EN-US">3</span>】酸奶服务：<span lang="EN-US">A</span>、在低温下饮用风味最佳。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 108pt; TEXT-INDENT: -108pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: -9.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">、如需加热，可将奶放入温水中缓缓加热，不可超过人的体温<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 107.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 10.26gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">为宜。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 108pt; TEXT-INDENT: -108pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: -9.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">注意：牛奶不可与酸性物质结合，如柠檬，但酸奶例外。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>